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| Approximately 4% of body mass is composed of 22 elements called minerals. Minerals are a part of enzymes, hormones, and vitamins; they are found in muscles, connective tissues, and all bodily fluids. Minerals occur freely in nature, in the waters of rivers, lakes and oceans, and in soil. They are absorbed into the root system of plants and eventually incorporated into the tissues of animals that consume plants. A primary function of minerals is in metabolism, in which they serve as important parts of enzymes. Minerals provide structure in the formation of bones and teeth and are also important for the synthesis of the biological macronutrients, glycogen, lipids, and protein. A balanced diet generally provides adequate mineral intake. Among older individuals, particularly women, the disease of osteoporosis has reached almost epidemic proportions. Adequate calcium intake and regular exercise provide an effective defense against bone loss at any age. Paradoxically, women who train intensely and reduce body weight to the point at which menstruation is adversely affected often show advanced bone loss at an early age. As a result of excessive sweating during exercise, significant losses of body water and related minerals can occur. These should be replaced during and following exercise. Specific mineral supplementation is not required in most instances.
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Email: yourpersonaltrainer@ic24.net
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